qmake replaces the first slash/backslash within additional install-target.path with the macro $(INSTALL_ROOT). This construct expands to invalid paths in the generated makefiles, since INSTALL_ROOT contains an absolute path including the drive letter.

"publish_header.path=../include"
expands to
"F:$(INSTALL_ROOT)\First\FirstDynLib\..\include"
... which expands to
"F:F:\First\build-FirstDynLib-Android_f_r_x86_GCC_4_9_Qt_5_4_1-Debug\android-build\First\FirstDynLib\..\include"
... when "make install" is called

Sample, see target "install_publish_header" in the attached files:

• *.pro file: FirstDynLib.pro
• generated makefile: Makefile