Via Material.primary/Material.accent etc. user can get current RGB color value, but there is no way to get color/shade enum values.

That may provided by Material.primaryColor, Material.primaryShade or overloaded Material.color attached method which returns pair of code/shade enum-values

Material.color(RGB_color_value)->Pair {Color_enumeration; Shade_enumeration}

Here is an related question on stackoverflow: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44620532/how-to-get-the-material-style-primary-color-enum-value