If we choose the Metal backend (QQuickWindow::setSceneGraphBackend(QSGRendererInterface::MetalRhi);) We get many of these error log messages when using ColorOverlay in our QML code:

qUncompress: Z_DATA_ERROR: Input data is corrupted
Attempted to deserialize QShader with unknown version 0.
ShaderEffect: Failed to deserialize QShader from :/qt-project.org/imports/QtGraphicalEffects/shaders/coloroverlay.frag
ShaderEffect: shader preparation failed for qrc:/qt-project.org/imports/QtGraphicalEffects/shaders/coloroverlay.frag

Looks related to QTBUG-87402, however we're not using any own Shader Effects.

We assume similar things would happen when using other components from Qt Quick Graphical Effects, not just ColorOverlay.