Debugger: Fail to hit unhandled exception

Steps to reproduce:

• tests/manual/debugger/simple/simple.pro, Qt6.6.2 MinGW, Mingw11
• use testUncaughtException()

Current result:

• debugger finishes when hitting the exception, debugger log states something along
  "terminate called after throwing an instance of 'int'"

Note: This works when using CDB for an MSVC build instead.