I have tested the calqlatr example with Qt Creator 17 and Qt 6.8.3 / Android Arm64 with:

1. Android 14 Emulator  
2. Android 15 Emulator

Android 14 works without an issue. 

Android 15 doesn't work, it stops in the disassembler:

Adding the debugger attach commands:

process handle SIGSEGV --pass true --stop false --notify false 
process handle SIGBUS --pass true --stop false --notify false 

Makes debugging possible, but you need to have multiple debug breakpoints, since the first one might not be reached.

Here are the Android 15 behavioral changes https://developer.android.com/about/versions/15/behavior-changes-15

Here is the Android 14 debugging run output android14-output-run.txt and here the Android 15 (with workaround) android15-output-run.txt

Debugging with Android 15 should work without workarounds just like it does with Android 14.